Demolition of a house in China. How is the demolition of houses in different countries. Demolition of buildings in Germany

House-nails as a problem of all-Chinese scale. So in the Middle Kingdom they call buildings that are about to fall under demolition and are literally surrounded by bulldozers. To save their home, many people are ready for anything. Someone uses a photo of the President of the People's Republic of China as a talisman, and someone puts a huge statue of Buddha in the middle of a construction site, hoping for higher powers.

It will be heaven on earth - the developers promise. A large microdistrict, nine-story buildings with European-style roofs, a pond with swans and gazebos. And the village that was here before will be demolished. But the pious Lian family came to the defense of their home. In the courtyard, they installed a 10-meter statue of Buddha in the hope that the developer would not raise his hand to the shrine, and the old house would be preserved.

“The conversation was short - move out, there is an order from the city hall for demolition. And we have old people all their lives in this house side by side. For them, this is a tragedy! Lien Yi says

Like a pearl in the mud. Against the background of a faceless construction site, looking down, stands a golden Buddha. Strictly according to the canon - the statue is carved from sandalwood, like in a temple, but the pilgrims are not visible - the doors to the courtyard are always closed.

What if they take it down until no one is inside? The old people of the Lian family in the house are like at a military post. And their living conditions are the same as in wartime.

It was like an earthquake here: almost all the old houses were destroyed. There is rubbish everywhere. Under the feet of dirt, impassability. And in those houses that still survived, there has been no electricity and water for a long time.

Only three unruly houses remained from this village. And each, like on an island, is surrounded by a construction pit. Such houses in China are called nails. They are in almost every major city. For example, a highway to nowhere - a residential building stands in the way of a brand new highway.

Or here in the center of the pedestrian zebra - a grave. There used to be a necropolis here. All the graves were moved, with the exception of one - the relatives considered the compensation for the transfer to be too low.

“It is not always a matter of attachment to the earth. Most often, it's just a desire to bargain with developers, a desire to hit the jackpot. Compensation is usually adequate, because all these transactions are controlled by the authorities,” explains architecture critic and blogger Wang Songtao.

There is no private ownership of land in China, it all belongs to the state. So the law is on the side of developers. But all the same, the owners of nail houses stand to the end.

Someone hangs out the red flag of the country, they say, we agree with the policy of the party. Someone is sealing up the house with portraits of Chinese President Xi Jinping as amulets against bulldozers. In fact, do not encroach on the sacred! But the shrine of the Lian family among the villagers also caused controversy, however, no longer housing.

For developers, nothing seems to be sacred. One way or another, but the house is going to be demolished. It's only a matter of time. The building is getting closer and closer. And the Lian family has no choice but to continue to hope for a miracle.

The Shanghai authorities have demolished another "nail house" - a building that for 14 years blocked traffic on one of the city's busy thoroughfares, as it stood right in the middle of the roadway. However, there are still many such structures in the country.

A four-lane Shanghai street narrowed to two lanes in front of the "nail house", making traffic difficult. The city authorities offered residents to move out of the building back in 2003, but they were not satisfied with the amount of compensation.

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Demolition of the house took only 90 minutes, according to Chinese media. While excavators demolished the building, water was sprinkled on it to reduce the amount of dust.

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Sometimes "nail houses" are right in the middle of noisy road junctions. Like this house in Guangzhou.

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Sometimes on the same street there may be several houses that interfere with traffic. There were two "nail houses" on this road in the city of Wenzhou.

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This house in Zhejiang Province was demolished in 2012. An elderly couple who lived there agreed to leave the house only after they were paid compensation in the amount of 41.3 thousand dollars, which they had been seeking for four years.

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The process of demolishing "nail houses" has become more complicated after China passed laws to protect the rights of property owners. This building in Nanning City was demolished in May 2015.

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In the city of Changzhou, in March 2013, the last "nail house" was demolished in a vast area being cleared for the construction of a modern city block.

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Some residents of "nail houses" are ready to defend their property from developers' encroachments by any means, including with the help of homemade weapons.

In Western countries, there are a lot of options for how to demolish a house.

In China

In China, they are very fond of using the method of demolishing a building by planting explosives in certain places of the building. In this way, the building is neatly stacked in piles, without scattering its remnants throughout the district. But at the same time there is a threat to people and neighboring buildings from a shock threat. But despite this, the Chinese still prefer this type of demolition of their buildings.

IN THE USA

The United States also likes this way of demolishing buildings, but at the same time makes it safer than in China. In the US, a lot of buildings are mostly made of metal. And in a dust explosion, there is very little. The demolition of buildings in the United States is approached very carefully and for a long time. Everything that can be removed from the building that will be demolished, leaving only the walls. At the same time, do not forget to remove all the glasses that can scatter in different directions and cripple people. They try to put as little explosives as possible into the building, which by the way reduces the cost of demolishing the building.

Demolition of buildings in Germany

Explosives are also used in Germany, but at the same time, in order to reduce the dust from the building being demolished, water tanks are blown up next to the building. The entire area around the building is surrounded by police so that no one can get to the demolished building, and the building itself is surrounded by a large fence. At the same time, they demolish the building only as a last resort, if it is absolutely emergency. In Germany, it is better to do a major overhaul of the old building. It happens that from a 15-storey building or a 5-storey building they make a smaller building. Simply removing extra floors, which significantly reduces the load on the foundation of the building.

Demolition of buildings in Japan

In Japan, the demolition of buildings is markedly different from how buildings are demolished in America or China. The demolition of the building is taking place so quietly that even people living nearby may not know that a building is being demolished next to them. The building is completely covered with a frame so that even the dust does not go outside. They remove the roof of the building, while installing special supports, which, as the building lowers, also fall down along with the building. In a week, only 2 floors are demolished, but do not forget that this demolition method significantly reduces noise.

In the Soviet Union, the demolition of buildings was carried out with the help of a huge round weight. In the famous cartoon "Just you wait" in one of the issues it is very clearly shown how the demolition of the building, where the cartoon character wolf lived, takes place. This method is still used in Russia, but it is very dangerous and harmful to everyone around, since this method of demolishing a building raises a huge column of dust, which spreads it throughout the district. And for a very long time after that there is a column of dust around.