Business loans. Business loan from scratch at Sberbank

To obtain a loan, you must have an existing profitable business in the Russian Federation, the duration of which is at least 3 months for trade, at least 6 months for other types of activities, and for individual products at least 12 months. For seasonal activities, the period of activity must also be at least 12 months. After the bank makes a positive decision to provide a loan, the client needs to open a current account with Sberbank of Russia (this is a prerequisite).

Is it possible to get a loan from Sberbank for business development without collateral?

Yes, to companies and small business owners with annual revenues of no more than 60 million rubles. Sberbank provides a “Trust” loan, which allows you, without collateral, to quickly receive the necessary financial support both to solve current problems and to implement business development plans. Individual entrepreneurs and small enterprises with annual revenue from 60 to 400 million rubles. can use the unsecured loan “Business Trust” for any business purpose.

How quickly does the bank make a decision on granting a loan to a small business?

For express loans for small businesses (“Trust”, “Express-Mortgage”), the bank makes a decision on the loan application within 3 business days from the date of submission of the full package of documents. For other loan products, the period for reviewing a loan application is, as a rule, no more than 8 business days from the date of submission of the full package of documents.

What are the requirements for collateral for small business loans from Sberbank?

At Sberbank you can get both unsecured loans “Trust” and “Business Trust” for small businesses for any purpose, as well as targeted loans with various types of collateral. For example, for a loan for the purchase of vehicles and equipment “Business-Asset”, the acquired transport or equipment is used as collateral, for the “Express-Mortgage” loan – purchased real estate, and for the “Business-Real Estate” loan – purchased or owned real estate. An additional requirement for collateral for these loans is a guarantee from an individual or legal entity.

Bank guarantees

Is it easy to get a bank guarantee?

It is quite easy to obtain a bank guarantee. Especially to ensure the execution of government contracts. Individual entrepreneurs and small businesses with annual revenue of no more than 400 million rubles can obtain a bank guarantee from Sberbank. To issue a bank guarantee, contact the lending division of Sberbank (territorial bank, branch) and provide the necessary documents.

How long does the process of issuing a bank guarantee take?

The process of making a decision and issuing a bank guarantee for government contracts usually takes no more than one working day from the moment the full package of documents is provided. It may take longer to obtain a bank guarantee for non-governmental contracts - for example, about 5 business days from the moment the client provides a complete package of documents to issue a guarantee without collateral. If it is necessary to provide collateral, the period may be extended.

Is it possible to obtain a bank guarantee for a government contract?

Sberbank provides bank guarantees for government contracts. The period for making a decision and providing a guarantee is, as a rule, no more than one business day from the moment the client provides a complete package of documents.

Wanting to organize their own enterprise, many are faced with a lack of sufficient funds. Obtaining a bank loan to start your own business helps solve this problem. Often, a loan to start a business is the first step on the path to private entrepreneurship.

Is it possible to get a business loan from scratch?

Taking out a loan to develop your own business is considered a risky transaction for a banking institution. There is no absolute guarantee that a loan to start a small business from scratch will be repaid. In the event of bankruptcy, a newly minted entrepreneur may declare himself bankrupt in a month and refuse to return the funds. However, business financing is gradually resuming. Taking out a business loan from scratch is possible subject to strict conditions.

Under what conditions is a loan issued for a business from scratch?

The likelihood of receiving a startup loan increases if you have:

• Good credit history. Lack of successful past loans, outstanding or late payments may result in loan denial.
• A competent business plan. The obvious possibility of receiving a small but stable income from your business will persuade experts to make the right decision.
• Parallel employment. A stable income allows you to safely repay a loan to open a small business from scratch.
• Collateral property. This is a significant money-back guarantee, indicating that the client is serious about lending.
• A third-party individual as a guarantor.
• Starting capital amounting to at least a quarter of the required amount.

Which banks issue loans for small businesses from scratch?

Those wishing to organize their own business can take advantage of the help of financial institutions. A small business loan from scratch is issued in:

• VTB24, offering the lowest rates for legal entities, a variety of conditions. The requirements for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs differ significantly. Often, a loan requires real estate as collateral.
• Sberbank, which issues a loan as part of the Business Start product. Funding is provided for the developed project. It is possible to work as a franchise entrepreneur.
• Rosselkhozbank, presenting various loan products for the development of small enterprises. There are no restrictions on the amount.
• Alfa Bank, among whose offers there are only two types of financing. At the same time, management declares working with small and medium-sized enterprises as a priority.

Banking methods for small business loans from scratch

Financial institutions are faced with the task of determining the degree of risk when lending to small businesses. Banks use two methods, one of which is review of the application by experts. The decision on lending depends on the result of a subjective check. Another way to determine the degree of risk is to use an automated “scoring” system, first tested 50 years ago. An impartial program counts points and draws conclusions based on the data entered into the client’s questionnaire. Types of scoring:

1. by points (you need to get a certain number, most applicants do not pass it);
2. against fraudsters (through behavioral analysis, it identifies factors indicating an inappropriate loan, a potential threat to the bank’s funds);
3. against irresponsible borrower clients (delays are studied).

How to get a loan to start a small business from scratch

Providing a profitable loan to start your own business requires a strict procedure. How to get a loan to open a small business:

1. You should send your application to the bank. The application indicates the type of activity and the lending program.
2. Next, you need to provide information about the financial condition of the small business. The profit margin and credit history are important.
3. Then the accepted application is reviewed, the terms of the loan are approved - amount, terms, type of loan.

Loan for starting a business from scratch at Sberbank

A loan for a startup or starting a business can be applied for at a bank branch. How to get a loan to start a business from Sberbank? To do this you need:

1. Contact the institution with a package of documents.
2. Choose a suitable loan program.
3. Get registered with the tax office as an individual entrepreneur and be included in the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs.
4. Consider franchise programs offered by Sberbank partners.
5. Choose a suitable franchise.
6. Develop a business project in detail based on the selected program. It is necessary to create a marketing plan, determine the location of the office and other nuances.
7. Prepare a package of documents for a loan to open a small business from scratch. The set includes the original and a copy of the passport, TIN, confirmation of individual entrepreneur registration, and a commercial plan.
8. Apply for a small business loan.
9. Collect a sum of money (30% for the down payment).

How to increase your chance of getting loans to start a business

If you want to take out a loan for your business, a novice entrepreneur needs to choose the bank in which he will be serviced as carefully as possible. Nuances:

1. When deciding on a financial institution, you need to ask what offers it has for small businesses.
2. Advice from partners and friends who work with a specific bank is useful.
3. Loans are issued more readily for already developing businesses. An application with an attached project has little chance of financial support.
4. It is desirable that the enterprise be solvent and exist for at least six months.
5. An additional factor in favor of the bank’s consent to issue a loan is the presence of collateral. Real estate, cars, and technical equipment are considered as collateral.

How else to get a loan for budding entrepreneurs

An alternative way to obtain financial assistance is consumer lending. The loan can be issued to an individual in a company or online. The property is used as collateral or the support of guarantors. Such loans are unprofitable for the entrepreneur due to inflated interest rates. Remember: in many regions there are funds that support small businesses. These organizations act as loan guarantors on behalf of the state or issue small preferential loans to entrepreneurs themselves.

Video: do you need a loan to start a business from scratch?

Of all the loans, the most difficult to obtain is a loan to start and promote a small business. Individual entrepreneurs (hereinafter referred to as individual entrepreneurs) and private individuals running their own business are included in the category of clients whom banks trust least. It is really difficult to get a loan for small business development from scratch. And this situation is explained quite simply. If, when taking out a mortgage for an apartment, you need to convince the bank that you have a stable average income that will definitely not disappear in the next eight years, then with a small business everything is much more complicated. Here, after all, the guarantee of the return of funds to the bank is the potential profitability, profitability, reliability, and survival of this business in the conditions of the shaky Russian economy. The only additional guarantee is the pledge of some valuable property of the borrower.

Even in developed countries (USA, Western Europe), economists give a maximum of 20% to the next small business project. This is the probability that the business will survive and not fail. And in the Russian Federation, this figure is 2-3 times less for a whole range of reasons. So banks are not eager to give money to people who will then very possibly become bankrupt. However, there are certain schemes for interaction with credit institutions for novice businessmen. Let's consider them.

Step-by-step instructions for getting a business loan from scratch

As an example, it is worth studying proposals from the main and largest bank of the Russian Federation in the civilian market. We are talking about Sberbank. He works with all types of business clients - individual entrepreneurs, private entrepreneurs (private entrepreneurs), CJSC, LLC. However, before going to the bank, you should prepare in advance on three main points, without which it is almost impossible to get a loan to start a business from scratch.

1. Preparation of a business plan. An aspiring entrepreneur must create his own plan, project. This is the start of any business. By the way, regardless of the level (small, medium, large). A businessman or businesswoman determines the main tactical (short-term) and strategic (long-term) directions for the development of the future company. Quantitative (technological, production) and qualitative (increasing complexity of the enterprise structure, improving the skills of workers) analysis is carried out. Production volumes, the ratio of potential costs and profits are calculated, and the conditions of the market sector in which the business will operate are analyzed. The staffing level is also analyzed. A business plan shows investors whether a given business is worth investing in. And the bank too.
2. Definition of a franchise. If a future individual entrepreneur comes to the bank and says that he wants to open his own independent enterprise, which will be called something like that, he will most likely be denied a loan. A franchise is a brand, it is a type of licensing, it is a certain model of running a business. For example, a franchise is the McDonald's chain. Or Coca-Cola. Or Microsoft. But such franchises are worth billions, since business under their auspices also guarantees corresponding profits. A beginning entrepreneur has to choose from a list of much more accessible options. Moreover, it is desirable that franchise companies are associated partners of the bank where the client is going to take out a loan. At Sberbank, these are Harat’s and a number of other companies that sell relatively inexpensive franchises.
3. And, of course, you shouldn’t go to the bank, as they say, “naked”, without the possibility of collateral. Of course, it happens that a future individual entrepreneur has nothing to his name except a business plan and the desire to start working as soon as possible. But as already mentioned, financial institutions are extremely careful when issuing money to small businesses. It’s great when the client owns some kind of real estate or other valuable property (a mid-price car, for example). Then you can register this property as collateral. The institution will know that if the business fails, all or most of the money issued will be returned through the sale of the client’s collateral. Those who have nothing will have to at least find funds for a down payment, which is high for business lending (almost always at least 30%).

So, the preparation is complete. Let's go to Sberbank. Here the procedure is as follows:

1. Filling out a form where, in addition to basic information, you express your desire for a small business from scratch.
2. Choosing a loan program. You must select a special “Business Start” program.
3. Registration with the tax service as an individual entrepreneur.
4. Collection of all necessary documentation. Here you will need not only the standard set of individuals (passport, INN, income certificate 2-NDFL, military ID for men under 27 years of age, pension certificate), but also additional documents related to business lending (business plan, individual entrepreneur certificate or another form of organization, a letter from the franchisor about cooperation, a certificate of ownership of some valuable property that can be used as collateral).
5. Submitting a direct application for a loan to create and develop a small business.
6. Providing the bank with funds to repay the down payment (or registering expensive property as collateral).
7. Getting the money you want and starting your own business.

Of course, some emergency situations and additional requirements may arise. Thus, a franchise company that is a partner of a bank may require an additional detailed analysis of the market sector in which the client plans to operate. If the future business requires additional licenses, they must be obtained before the loan is issued. For example, if a person is going to sell alcohol, hunting and traumatic weapons. Therefore, only general, standard instructions are presented here. The conditions under which Sberbank issues loans for small businesses are average and quite acceptable compared to offers from other banks:

• annual interest - 18.5% (in other institutions this mark can reach up to 25%);
• the minimum down payment is 20%, but it is better to agree to 30% (in other institutions it can reach up to 50%);
• if a client has purchased a franchise from Harat’s, he can be given up to 7 million rubles. In other cases – up to 3 million rubles. The minimum loan is 100 thousand rubles;
• the loan is issued for a period of up to 5 years (for users of the Harat’s business model) or up to 3.5 years (for all others);
• The permissible late payment period for monthly payments for Harat’s clients is one year, and for all others – six months.

Requirements for the borrower

Here it is worth considering not the minimum, but the maximum requirements. Those in which the chance of getting a loan increases to 90%. Sberbank's requests are standard. Any other bank will offer similar conditions to novice businessmen:

• a clearly structured, comprehensive and maximally informative business plan;
• income certificate in form 2-NDFL;
• possession of any valuable property suitable for collateral;
• having an account in another bank, owning shares and other securities (bank statement, from the register of shareholders). This is analogous to a pledge;
• good credit history (having any other loans repaid on time). At the same time, having an outstanding loan that the client repays is not a plus, because it is an additional financial burden;
• the presence of co-borrowers (business partners) or guarantors who have proven their financial solvency to the bank;
• the client not only has a permanent residence permit, but also intends to open a business at the place of residence and location of the creditor bank. For example, in the same city where the Sberbank branch and the borrower’s home address are located;
• The client's age ranges from 27–45 years. Why exactly 27 years? The answer is military duty, which is not at all pleasing to the banks;
• For some reason, according to statistics, people with families are more trusted. Although family, logically, can become a distraction from business. Banks probably believe that a family man is a priori more responsible;
• absence of any debts (for other loans, utility bills);
• information about the client’s main monthly expenses (utility payments, other loans, alimony, rent, etc.);
• absence of criminal convictions (especially outstanding, serious and for financial crimes);
• a certificate confirming that the borrower has not been and is not registered with a psychiatric and/or drug treatment clinic.

It is not necessary to strictly comply with all factors. Yes, such borrowers practically do not exist in nature. It’s just that the “gold standard”, the ideal, is described here. Some factors are not particularly important (marital status), while others are of paramount importance (collateral, business project, absence of crime and mental health/drug problems).

It is worth mentioning that if the borrower already had his own business and now wants to take out a new loan for a new business, then this will be to his disadvantage. Because the bank always evaluates unsuccessful entrepreneurial experience from a negative point of view. And where is the guarantee that this individual entrepreneur’s new endeavors will not fail in the same way?

Factors influencing the bank's decision to issue a loan

In principle, after reading all of the above, you can clearly see those points on which the positive decision of the beneficiary directly depends. To summarize, there will be only three main factors: a promising and well-designed business plan, the availability of a suitable franchise and a certain financial level of the client. If all three points are assessed by the bank as excellent, then this will bring the borrower close to the loan he needs so much. It is useful to know that in the business lending system, banks work according to plan. That is, the client is analyzed according to a proven template. And there are two such templates.

No. 1. Credit specialists monitor the borrower and issue a verdict (on the client’s solvency and the degree of risk for the bank).

No. 2. A statistical, automated “Scoring” system is used, based on the use of mathematical methods. Within this system, all borrowers are sorted into groups, each of which is characterized by a certain degree of risk.

Sometimes the bank resorts to both analysis options.

Other ways to get a loan

It may well turn out that the bank refused to issue a loan. But this situation is not completely hopeless. What workarounds are there?

Sberbank is among the TOP 3 credit institutions in the Russian Federation that actively support small and medium-sized businesses. A variety of programs, the opportunity to obtain borrowed funds with a minimum package of documents, and affordable tariffs are conducive to long-term cooperation.

Terms of lending at Sberbank

Lending to small businesses and individual entrepreneurs is a priority area of ​​activity for the country's largest bank. Absolutely transparent conditions and a flexible pricing system attract potential borrowers. However, the lender is not ready to cooperate with every applicant, since it pays special attention to the quality of the loan portfolio.

A potential borrower must meet the minimum requirements, namely:

• presence of Russian citizenship among the founders;
• no losses for the reporting period (quarter, year);
• absence of active enforcement proceedings, claims from tax authorities;
• period of activity - at least 12 months from the date of registration (for certain products the period may be reduced to 6 months).

All credit products can be divided into 2 large groups: factory and conveyor. (Table 1). The factory is a direction for financing LLCs and individual entrepreneurs with annual revenues of up to 60 million rubles. It is characterized by a minimum package of documents and fast processing times for the application. The conveyor is a technology for providing borrowed funds to clients with revenue from 60 to 400 million rubles per year. A lower interest rate is provided for this direction.

The full line of products for individual entrepreneurs, micro and small businesses can be found on the official website of Sberbank.

Table 1. – Main credit line

Good to know! In 2017, Sberbank launched individual pricing conditions allowing borrowers to receive borrowed money on non-market conditions. The program is valid for borrowing in an amount of 5 million rubles or more. When deciding to set an interest rate, the depth of the relationship with the bank is taken into account (the number of available products: business cards, insurance programs, salary project, trade acquiring, etc.). It has become obvious that lending to small businesses in Russia is gaining momentum, and Sberbank remains the leader in this financial sector.

The best small business lending bank!

The growth in Sberbank lending to small businesses in the first six months of 2017 amounted to 6%. The head of Sberbank, German Gref, at a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, confirmed “2017 will be better for banks than the previous one, and Sberbank’s share in it will be from 40 to 50%.”

Small business loan - lending purposes

A corporate loan from Sberbank can be provided for various purposes:

• covering cash gaps;
• modernization of production;
• replenishment of current assets;
• acquisition of commercial real estate;
• purchase of transport and special equipment and others.

The bank is wary of startups, so it won’t be possible to take out a business loan for the development of an enterprise. However, the lender is quite loyal in financing the opening of new directions by existing profitable enterprises.

In general, small business lending programs at Sberbank in 2017 can be divided into 2 groups: targeted and non-targeted. The first ones are intended for purchasing a specific product or financing a specific direction. The borrower must report to the lender on the advisability of spending the money received within the time frame established by the agreement. Non-purpose loans can be spent at the discretion of the client.

Lending modes

When lending to small and medium-sized businesses in Russia, Sberbank implements various options for providing borrowed funds, which allows each client, depending on the specifics of business activity, to find the most optimal option.

For small businesses, Sberbank offers the following lending modes:

1. Credit. Provides for the transfer of the entire loan amount to the current account of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In this case, interest is charged on the entire loan debt, regardless of whether the client used the borrowed funds or not.
2. Credit line (ON, NKL, frame). ON has an availability period after which no money will be provided. After the sample is redeemed, the limit is renewed. With NKL, interest is charged on the balance of the loan debt, and the unused limit is subject to a fee. In the framework option, borrowed funds are provided under separately concluded agreements within the established limit.
3. Overdraft. This is checking account financing. Ideal for commercial businesses. When revenue or other transfers are received into the current account, the overdraft is automatically written off, which allows you to save on interest.

Stages of small business lending

Applicants can apply for a loan directly from the small business sales sector or through the SBBOL system. If, during a call to the client base, operators identify a need for borrowed funds, they will transfer the information to the lending division of the bank and to the manager to whom the client is assigned.

The process of obtaining borrowed money includes the following stages:

1. Consultation. Selection of a loan product, provision of information on the conditions for obtaining a loan.
2. Collection of documents. The “Credit Factory” technology requires a minimum package of documents (registration documents, financial statements for the reporting period with a receipt for acceptance by the Federal Tax Service, SRO (if necessary), license (for licensed types of activities), passport of the decision maker). The “Conveyor” technology provides for an expanded financial analysis of the applicant’s activities, so the list of documents is expanding.
3. Analysis of the information provided, structuring the transaction. Analysts, together with representatives of the security and collateral service, check the legal purity of the transaction and calculate the borrower’s rating. For “factory” products, a full analysis is carried out by the client manager.
4. Providing transaction information to the underwriting service. Experts assess the riskiness of the transaction, the solvency and reliability of the borrower. Based on the information received, a decision on the application is provided.
5. Conclusion of an agreement. The loan agreement is signed at the bank office. If the transaction amount is over 5 million rubles, a security specialist must be present when formalizing the contractual relationship.

Good to know! In some cases, approval of the transaction is carried out through the credit committee. It consists of a client manager, to whom the applicant is assigned, the head of the business sales department, an analyst and underwriters. A positive decision is made by a majority vote.

1. Money transfer. For non-purpose products, money is transferred to the current account after the application is processed by the BEC office. For targeted loans, money is provided only by order of a strictly established form.

Increasing lending volumes to small businesses - Video

Connection to the Sberbank Business Online system (SBBOL)

Sberbank is the largest player actively cooperating with small businesses. Its conditions for loan products are recognized as the best in the domestic market (according to banki.ru). The Bank actively supports existing enterprises and individual entrepreneurs, providing them with democratic and loyal conditions. The package of documents for processing borrowings, in comparison with other players, cannot be called minimal, especially using the “Credit Conveyor” technology.

Smart loan Sberbank - introduction of new lending technologies

Sberbank is constantly introducing new principles and approaches to supporting small and micro businesses in Russia. One of the innovations was the launch of a smart business lending program. So, what is Smart Credit? As part of this program, a client who has funds flowing through a bank account can be pre-approved for a loan. The size, rate and terms of the loan are calculated based on analysis of current account turnover. The advantage of this service is that the application process and loading of funds can be completed in almost one day. The program has already been used by many companies who highly appreciate its quality.

Some bank indicators as of September 1, 2017!

Sberbank's net assets are 23.337 billion rubles (the leader in Russia), the volume of capital (according to the requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation) is 3.473 billion, the loan portfolio is 15.554. billion, liabilities to the population - 11.429 billion.

Today, few financial institutions show a clear desire to support small businesses, regardless of region. Mid-level entrepreneurs and ordinary individual entrepreneurs often experience an acute need for financial resources. It cannot be said that there are zero banks on the market willing to offer cooperation in Moscow on adequate terms, under individual programs. Trust is most often provided by Sberbank of Russia, whose management is truly ready to support interesting startups at the start. The desire to provide comprehensive support and promote the development of private initiatives is clearly visible in the abundance of new products. Borrowings can be issued for a year or even more; opening a new business will always find a response from the office staff.

We study lending

As an interested party, you should carefully consider all the options offered online. Do you really want to get financial resources on favorable terms? Then listen to some practical advice:

• decide what exactly you will provide as collateral; if you are planning to start cooperation within the framework of other programs, the terms of the loan will become noticeably worse;
• it is necessary to carefully calculate the payback period of the project; try to fill out an online application only after repeated calculations, which it is reasonable to entrust to professionals;
• remember that among the conditions there is a requirement to provide a certain package of documents, otherwise the loan application will not be satisfied;
• In order to get a business loan without any problems, you need to clearly meet certain age standards.

Try to use collateral

Each potential client must understand that support for his development is carried out on the basis of the laws of economics. What does this mean in practice? When interviewing you, the manager will try to take into account the full extent of possible risks. Now it’s clear why less profitable forms of cooperation are provided for individual entrepreneurs without collateral? You can quite easily, without any problems, obtain optimal borrowing from Sberbank of Russia if you provide certain guarantees. In this case, it is much easier to receive substantial sums for business development for a long period of time. Such an online application in Moscow is always considered without unnecessary formalism.

Special purpose

Pay attention to the fact that they are ready to stimulate a small entrepreneur working in a certain field at the lowest rates. The fact is that this is precisely how targeted, targeted support is provided for those areas of entrepreneurship in the development of which the state is particularly interested. Make sure that loans to small businesses from Sberbank are available to those individual entrepreneurs who are engaged in construction, laying communications and energy supply.